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The protected areas of Nepal cover mainly forested land and are located at various altitudes in the Terai, in the foothills of the Himalayas and in the mountains, thus encompassing a multitude of landscapes and preserving a vast biodiversity in the Palearctic and Indomalayan ecozones. Nepal covers in the central part of the Himalayas. Altitudes range from in the south-eastern Terai to at Sagarmatha within a short horizontal span. This extreme altitudinal gradient has resulted in 11 bio-climatic zones ranging from lower tropical below to nival above in the High Himalayas, encompassing nine terrestrial ecoregions with 36 vegetation types. Botanists recorded 1,120 species of non-flowering plants and 5,160 species of flowering plants. Nepal ranks 10th in terms of richest flowering plant diversity in Asia. Zoologists recorded 181 mammal species, 844 bird species, 100 reptile species, 43 amphibian species, 185 freshwater fish species, and 635 butterfly species. In recognition of the magnitude of biodiversity the Government of Nepal has established a network of 20 protected areas since 1973, consisting of ten national parks, three wildlife reserves, six conservation areas and one hunting reserve.〔Bhuju, U. R., Shakya, P. R., Basnet, T. B., Shrestha, S. (2007). (''Nepal Biodiversity Resource Book. Protected Areas, Ramsar Sites, and World Heritage Sites'' ). International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, Ministry of Environment, Science and Technology, in cooperation with United Nations Environment Programme, Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific. Kathmandu, ISBN 978-92-9115-033-5〕〔Bhushal, R. P. (2010). (''Nod to Banke National Park'' ). The Himalayan Times, 13 May 2010〕〔DNPWC (2011). (''Api-Nampa Conservation Area'' ). Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Kathmandu.〕〔NTNC (2010). (Gaurishankar Conservation Area Project ). National Trust for Nature Conservation, Nepal.〕〔DNPWC (2014). (Blackbuck Conservation Area ). Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Kathmandu.〕 Additionally, nine Ramsar sites were declared between 1988 and 2008.〔Bhandari, B. B. (2009). Wise use of Wetlands in Nepal. Banko Janakari 19 (3): 10–17.〕〔Kafle, G. and I. A. T. Savillo (2009). ''Present status of Ramsar sites in Nepal''. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation 1 (5): 146–150.〕 ==National parks== * Chitwan National Park – * Sagarmatha National Park – * Langtang National Park – * Rara National Park – * Khaptad National Park – * Shey Phoksundo National Park – * Bardiya National Park – * Makalu Barun National Park – * Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park – * Banke National Park – 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Protected areas of Nepal」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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